Hamlet
Act IV, Scene 5
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| Shakespeare for Scholars: |
Shakespeare for Everyone Else: |
| Elsinore. A room in the castle.
Enter QUEEN GERTRUDE, HORATIO,
QUEEN GERTRUDE GENTLEMAN |
Back inside the castle, a Gentleman is talking to Queen Gertrude about Ophelia. |
| She is importunate, indeed distract: Her mood will needs be pitied.
QUEEN GERTRUDE
GENTLEMAN |
The Gentleman describes her as
"distract" (line 2). I think he means "distracted."
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| She speaks much of her father; says she hears There's tricks i' the world; and hems, and beats her heart; Spurns enviously at straws; speaks things in doubt, That carry but half sense: her speech is nothing, Yet the unshaped use of it doth move The hearers to collection ; they aim at it, And botch the words up fit to their own thoughts; Which, as her winks, and nods, and gestures yield them, Indeed would make one think there might be thought , Though nothing sure, yet much unhappily .
HORATIO
QUEEN GERTRUDE |
The Gentleman describes Ophelia's rather bizarre behavior. Apparently, the girl has been acting a bit, um, strange. She has been talking a lot about her dead father, Polonius. She has been speaking things which do not quite make any sense. |
| Let her come in. Exit HORATIO
To my sick soul, as sin's true nature is, |
Queen Gertrude agrees to see Ophelia. |
| Re-enter HORATIO, with OPHELIA
OPHELIA
QUEEN GERTRUDE
OPHELIA |
The poor girl arrives, led in by Horatio. |
| [Sings] How should I your true love know From another one? By his cockle hat and staff, And his sandal shoon.
QUEEN GERTRUDE |
Suddenly, without any warning, Ophelia
breaks into song (lines 25-35).
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| Alas, sweet lady, what imports this song?
OPHELIA |
Queen Gertrude is not impressed with Ophelia's choral abilities. She tries to interrupt the young girl. |
| Sings
He is dead and gone, lady,
QUEEN GERTRUDE |
This does no good, though. Ophelia just sings away. Ophelia sings first of someone who is dead and gone. Could it be her own father? Or, could it be Hamlet himself, who is gone, and has been ordered to be put to death? Or, is the girl, as the Gentleman said, just distract? |
| Nay, but, Ophelia,--
OPHELIA
White his shroud as the mountain snow,-- |
Queen Gertrude grows impatient, and tries to interrupt the singing a second time. |
| Enter KING CLAUDIUS
QUEEN GERTRUDE OPHELIA |
The King enters, in the midst of this. |
| [Sings]
KING CLAUDIUS
OPHELIA |
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| Well, God 'ild you! They say the owl was a baker's daughter. Lord, we know what we are, but know not what we may be. God be at your table !
KING CLAUDIUS
OPHELIA |
Ophelia mentions an old proverb about a "Baker's daughter." |
| Sings
To-morrow is Saint Valentine's day,
KING CLAUDIUS
OPHELIA
By Gis and by Saint Charity, |
Next, Ophelia changes tunes, and switches to a story of a young woman who goes to a young mans room, and leaves without her virginity. |
| Quoth she, before you tumbled me, You promised me to wed. |
This young girl explains later that she only slept with him because he promised to marry her. |
| So would I ha' done, by yonder sun, An thou hadst not come to my bed.
KING CLAUDIUS |
His response: he would have, if only she had not slept with
him.
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| How long hath she been thus?
OPHELIA |
King Claudius is shocked, and asks how long she has been behaving like this. Ophelia interrupts, and says "goodnight" to them. |
| Exit
KING CLAUDIUS
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Ophelia leaves, and King Claudius orders Horatio to follow the girl, and keep an eye on her. |
| O, this is the poison of deep grief; it springs All from her father's death. O Gertrude, Gertrude, When sorrows come, they come not single spies But in battalions. First, her father slain: Next , your son gone; and he most violent author Of his own just remove: the people muddied, Thick and unwholesome in their thoughts and whispers, For good Polonius' death; and we have done but greenly , In hugger-mugger to inter him: poor Ophelia Divided from herself and her fair judgment, Without the which we are pictures, or mere beasts: Last, and as much containing as all these, |
Next, King Claudius and Gertrude discuss this unusual behavior, and they assume it is due to Polonius death. |
| Her brother is in secret come from France; Feeds on his wonder, keeps himself in clouds, And wants not buzzers to infect his ear With pestilent speeches of his father's death; Wherein necessity, of matter beggar'd, Will nothing stick our person to arraign In ear and ear. O my dear Gertrude, this, Like to a murdering-piece, in many places Gives me superfluous death. |
The King also just happens to mention that young Laertes has heard about Polonius death. Laertes is on his way home, and wants to find the person who murdered his dad. |
| A noise within
QUEEN GERTRUDE
KING CLAUDIUS
What is the matter?
GENTLEMAN |
Suddenly, they hear a noise, coming from the other room. |
| Than young Laertes, in a riotous head, O'erbears your officers. The rabble call him lord; And, as the world were now but to begin, Antiquity forgot, custom not known, The ratifiers and props of every word, They cry 'Choose we: Laertes shall be king:' Caps, hands, and tongues, applaud it to the clouds: 'Laertes shall be king, Laertes king!'
QUEEN GERTRUDE
KING CLAUDIUS
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A Gentleman rushes in, and explains that the noise is Laertes,
and that the young man is not happy. Worse, he has a bunch of common people
(also known as rabble) with him. The common people are shouting that they
want Laertes to be their King.
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| The doors are broke. Noise within |
"The doors are broke," says Claudius. Even worse, it is the repairman's night off. |
| Enter LAERTES, armed; Danes following
LAERTES |
As if on cue, (As if? Of course it is on cue), suddenly
Laertes arrives, with a troop of friends friends who
are backing him.
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| Where is this king? Sirs, stand you all without .
DANES
LAERTES
DANES
LAERTES
QUEEN GERTRUDE
LAERTES
KING CLAUDIUS |
Laertes enters, and threatens to kill the King himself. |
| Let him go, Gertrude; do not fear our person: There's such divinity doth hedge a king, That treason can but peep to what it would, Acts little of his will. Tell me, Laertes, |
Gertrude has been holding Laertes back. King Claudius tells her to "let him go." |
| Why thou art thus incensed. Let him go, Gertrude. Speak, man.
LAERTES
KING CLAUDIUS
QUEEN GERTRUDE
KING CLAUDIUS
LAERTES
KING CLAUDIUS
LAERTES
KING CLAUDIUS
LAERTES
KING CLAUDIUS
LAERTES
KING CLAUDIUS |
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| That I am guiltless of your father's death, And am most sensible in grief for it, It shall as level to your judgment pierce As day does to your eye .
DANES
Let her come in.
LAERTES |
Claudius explains that he is guiltless of
Polonius death (line 164). He does not volunteer the other killings
which he did commit.
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| Re-enter OPHELIA
O heat , dry up my brains! tears seven times salt ,
OPHELIA |
At this point, they are interrupted when Ophelia comes back for her curtain call. |
| [Sings]
LAERTES
OPHELIA
LAERTES
OPHELIA |
She sings, and this time it concerns
someones burial.
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| love, remember: and there is pansies. that's for thoughts.
LAERTES
OPHELIA |
Then, Ophelia begins to toss some flowers around, each of a different variety. |
| a difference. There's a daisy: I would give you some violets, but they withered all when my father died: they say he made a good end,-- Sings
For bonny sweet Robin is all my joy.
LAERTES
OPHELIA
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Each flower also seems to have some deeper, symbolic meaning, known only to scholars, academics, and other really annoying people. |
| Exit
LAERTES
KING CLAUDIUS |
Her concert done, she exits.
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| They find us touch 'd, we will our kingdom give, Our crown, our life, and all that we can ours, To you in satisfaction; but if not, Be you content to lend your patience to us, And we shall jointly labour with your soul To give it due content.
LAERTES
KING CLAUDIUS |
King Claudius persuades Laertes to go with him for a private conversation. |
| And they shall hear and judge 'twixt you and me: If by direct or by collateral hand I pray you, go with me. |
He promises to explain the circumstances of Polonius death. |
| Exeunt
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They exit, and the scene ends.
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© 1997 by Bruce Spielbauer
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